Hybrid Urban Planning: New Perspectives for Management of Specific Plan by the Integration of Urban Planning and Urbanization for Wat-Ket Area Chiang Mai City

Abstract

This research problematized situations around the Wat-Ket an area in Chiang Mai city with social and historical uniqueness, has become more unlivable, partly because of mainstream urban planning. The third comprehensive plan designated the area as a commercial use zone, but from intensive contests from leaders they were able to change it to residential and conservation use.This research therefore, questioned the ineffectiveness of the existing urban planning approach and reviewed urban planning theories and concepts, especially new urbanism and urbanization. It argued that, they are necessary but not sufficient for such unique urban areas. The new approach of hybrid urban planning with three core elements, (a) integrating urban design and urbanization concepts, (b) socially mobilizing by the collaborative mechanism, and (c) using common visions as the guideline, was conceptualized.The focus of this study was to, experiment with this approach and evaluate its results and acceptance, and to analyze its flexibility andadaptability.The combination of participatory action research,mixed methods, and analysis of multiple factor causal relationships were employed before the conceptual and final designs of specific plan in sub zone at Chareonrat road and Ping riverside, was achieved. Mobilization through three core elements and process, aiming at fulfilling the common vision of making the place sustainable socially, economically and ecologically as a living museum, eventually resulted in a complete detailed Specific Plan with committed regulations and future supports. The plan was unanimously accepted by key stakeholders.