Political Polarization in Social Media: A Meta-Analysis
Keywords:
Political Polarization, Social media, Research Mapping, A Meta-Analysis, ScopusAbstract
The problem of political polarization in social media is increasingly dynamic. Therefore, the contribution of this research is more to develop the concept of political polarization in social media, by exploring the research that has been done related to this topic. This study uses the scoping review method. The findings in this study that the development of research on political polarization in social media has become very rapid in the last twelve years in line with technological developments. This is because the virtual world becomes a facility for political polarization to occur. Interestingly, Twitter and ideology are very strong keywords related to this topic. This indicates that Twitter is the most dominant place for political polarization with the cause being ideological differences. Furthermore, keywords that have the opportunity to be investigated further in the future are political discourse, elections, democracy, and political participation in the big theme of political polarization.
References
Antonio, R. J., & Brulle, R. J. (2011). The Unbearable Lightness of Politics: Climate Change Denial and Political Polarization. The Sociological Quarterly, 52(2), 195–202. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1533-8525.2011.01199.x
Borah, A., & Singh, S. R. (2022). Investigating political polarization in India through the lens of Twitter. Social Network Analysis and Mining, 12(1), 97. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s13278-022-00939-z
Bulut, E., & Yörük, E. (2017). Digital populism: Trolls and political polarization of Twitter in Turkey. International Journal of Communication, 11(September 2013), 4093–4117.
Cho, J., Ahmed, S., Hilbert, M., Liu, B., & Luu, J. (2020). Do Search Algorithms Endanger Democracy? An Experimental Investigation of Algorithm Effects on Political Polarization. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 64(2), 150–172. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2020.1757365
Colleoni, E., Rozza, A., & Arvidsson, A. (2014). Echo Chamber or Public Sphere? Predicting Political Orientation and Measuring Political Homophily in Twitter Using Big Data. Journal of Communication, 64(2), 317–332. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12084
Communication.missouri.edu. (2022). Ben Warner. University of Missouri. https:// communication.missouri.edu/people/warner
De Nooy, W., & Kleinnijenhuis, J. (2013). Polarization in the Media During an Election Campaign: A Dynamic Network Model Predicting Support and Attack Among Political Actors. Political Communication, 30(1), 117–138. https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609. 2012.737417
DRUCKMAN, J. N., PETERSON, E., & SLOTHUUS, R. (2013). How Elite Partisan Polarization Affects Public Opinion Formation. American Political Science Review, 107(1), 57–79. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1017/S0003055412000500
Farrell, H. (2012). The consequences of the internet for politics. Annual Review of Political Science, 15, 35–52. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-030810-110815
Fisher, D. R., Waggle, J., & Leifeld, P. (2012). Where Does Political Polarization Come From? Locating Polarization Within the U.S. Climate Change Debate. American Behavioral Scientist, 57(1), 70–92. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764212463360
Gunnarsson Lorentzen, D. (2014). Polarisation in political Twitter conversations. Aslib Journal of Information Management, 66(3), 329–341. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJIM-09-2013-0086
Hameleers, M., & van der Meer, T. G. L. A. (2020). Misinformation and Polarization in a High-Choice Media Environment: How Effective Are Political Fact-Checkers? Communication Research, 47(2), 227–250. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650218819671
Heltzel, G., & Laurin, K. (2020). Polarization in America: two possible futures. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 34, 179–184. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.cobeha.2020.03.008
Hong, S., & Kim, S. H. (2016). Political polarization on twitter: Implications for the use of social media in digital governments. Government Information Quarterly, 33(4), 777–782. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2016.04.007
Hwang, H., Kim, Y., & Huh, C. U. (2014). Seeing is Believing: Effects of Uncivil Online Debate on Political Polarization and Expectations of Deliberation. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 58(4), 621–633. https://doi.org/10.1080/088381 51.2014.966365
Kim, S. H., & Hong, S. (2015). Political Ideology Matter in Online Salience? Evidence from Social Media Use by Members of the Korean National Assembly. Proceedings of the 16th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research, 197–203. https://doi.org/10.1145/2757401.2757415
Kopecký, P., Meyer-Sahling, J.-H., & Spirova, M. (2022). (Extreme) political polarization and party patronage. Irish Political Studies, 37(2), 218–243. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 07907184.2022.2045143
Lang, T. (2015). Socio-economic and political responses to regional polarisation and socio-spatial peripheralisation in Central and Eastern Europe: a research agenda. Hungarian Geographical Bulletin, 64(3 SE-Discussing inequalities from the periphery), 171–185. https://doi.org/10.15201/hungeobull.64.3.2
Levendusky, M., & Malhotra, N. (2016). Does Media Coverage of Partisan Polarization Affect Political Attitudes? Political Communication, 33(2), 283–301. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 10584609.2015.1038455
LINDQVIST, E., & ÖSTLING, R. (2010). Political Polarization and the Size of Government. American Political Science Review, 104(3), 543–565. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1017/ S0003055410000262
M. Otala, J., Kurtic, G., Grasso, I., Liu, Y., Matthews, J., & Madraki, G. (2021). Political polarization and platform migration: A study of Parler and Twitter usage by United States of America congress members. Companion Proceedings of the Web Conference 2021, 224–231. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1145/3442442.3452305
Maoz, Z., & Somer-Topcu, Z. (2010). Political Polarization and Cabinet Stability in Multiparty Systems: A Social Networks Analysis of European Parliaments, 1945–98. British Journal of Political Science, 40(4), 805–833. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1017/S0007123410 000220
Marozzo, F., & Bessi, A. (2017). Analyzing polarization of social media users and news sites during political campaigns. Social Network Analysis and Mining, 8(1), 1. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s13278-017-0479-5
McAvoy, P., & Hess, D. (2013). Classroom Deliberation in an Era of Political Polarization. Curriculum Inquiry, 43(1), 14–47. https://doi.org/10.1111/curi.12000
McCoy, J., Rahman, T., & Somer, M. (2018). Polarization and the Global Crisis of Democracy: Common Patterns, Dynamics, and Pernicious Consequences for Democratic Polities. American Behavioral Scientist, 62(1), 16–42. https://doi.org/ 10.1177/0002764218759576
McCright, A. M., Xiao, C., & Dunlap, R. E. (2014). Political polarization on support for government spending on environmental protection in the USA, 1974–2012. Social Science Research, 48, 251–260. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch. 2014.06.008
Noor, S., Guo, Y., Shah, S. H. H., Nawaz, M. S., & Butt, A. S. (2020). Bibliometric analysis of social media as a platform for knowledge management. International Journal of Knowledge Management (IJKM), 16(3), 33–51. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJKM. 2020070103
Pan, X., Yan, E., Cui, M., & Hua, W. (2018). Examining the usage, citation, and diffusion patterns of bibliometric mapping software: A comparative study of three tools. Journal of Informetrics, 12(2), 481–493. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2018.03.005
Pham, M. T., Rajić, A., Greig, J. D., Sargeant, J. M., Papadopoulos, A., & McEwen, S. A. (2014). A scoping review of scoping reviews: advancing the approach and enhancing the consistency. Research Synthesis Methods, 5(4), 371–385. https://doi.org/https:// doi.org/10.1002/jrsm.1123
Scala, D. J., & Johnson, K. M. (2017). Political Polarization along the Rural-Urban Continuum? The Geography of the Presidential Vote, 2000–2016. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 672(1), 162–184. https://doi.org/ 10.1177/0002716217712696
Smets, K., & van Ham, C. (2013). The embarrassment of riches? A meta-analysis of individual-level research on voter turnout. Electoral Studies, 32(2), 344–359. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2012.12.006
Stanig, P. (2013). Political polarization in retrospective economic evaluations during recessions and recoveries. Electoral Studies, 32(4), 729–745. https://doi.org/https://doi. org/10.1016/j.electstud.2013.05.029
Thelwall, M. (2018). Dimensions: A competitor to Scopus and the Web of Science? Journal of Informetrics, 12(2), 430–435. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2018.03.006
Urman, A. (2019). Context matters: political polarization on Twitter from a comparative perspective. Media, Culture & Society, 42(6), 857–879. https://doi.org/10.1177/ 0163443719876541
Van Boven, L., Judd, C. M., & Sherman, D. K. (2012). Political polarization projection: social projection of partisan attitude extremity and attitudinal processes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 103(1), 84. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10. 1037/a0028145
Vegetti, F. (2019). The Political Nature of Ideological Polarization: The Case of Hungary. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 681(1), 78–96. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716218813895
Yarchi, M., Baden, C., & Kligler-Vilenchik, N. (2021). Political Polarization on the Digital Sphere: A Cross-platform, Over-time Analysis of Interactional, Positional, and Affective Polarization on Social Media. Political Communication, 38(1–2), 98–139. https://doi. org/10.1080/10584609.2020.1785067
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Thammasat Review
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The opinions and ideas expressed in all submissions published in Thammasat Review are solely that of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect that of the editors or the editorial board.
The copyright of all articles including all written content and illustrations belong to Thammasat Review. Any individuals or organisation wishing to publish, reproduce and distribute a particular manuscript must seek permission from the journal first.