Global health security within a new world order, where conflict and contagion are set to define our future
Main Article Content
Abstract
Global health security is based around an actionable public health system that is quality assured to exacting standards to detect, prevent and respond to threats that are of an infectious disease in nature. The problem that has existed for years, is such systems have operated in isolation. That isolation represents an evolving threat to the safety and security of mankind. This paper attempts to examine the parameters of global health security, within the new world order that we find ourselves in, one where both contagion most recently COVID-19 and conflict, invasion of Ukraine set to challenge our thinking.
Article Details
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-nd/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Brenner, E. J., Ungaro, R. C., Colombel, J. F., Kappelman, M. D. (2020). IBD in the COVID-19
era: the value of international collaboration. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol, 5(10), 887–888.
Crisis Group (2023). How Beijing Helped Riyadh and Tehran Reach a Détente.
Deng, X. et al. (2020). Genomic surveillance reveals multiple introductions of SARS-CoV-2 into northern California. Science, 369, 582–587.
Dobrovidova, Olga. (2021). Russia's COVID-19 defense may depend on mystery vaccine from former bioweapons lab—but does it work? 6 April 2021. https://www.science.org/content/article/russia-s-covid-19-defense-may-depend-mystery-vaccine-former-bioweapons-lab-does-it-work
Emmanuel, O., and Ani, C. (2015). The Mutuality of Challenges Facing Human Rights and Human
Security: A New Framework of Analysis. Open. Journal of Political Science, 5 (2), February 5, 2015. DOI: 10.4236/ojps.2015.52007
Fukuda-Parr, S. (2003). New threats to human security in the era of 23. globalization. J Hum Dev, 4, 167-179.
Griffin, Riley (2022). US Says It Fears Russia May Use Biological Weapons in Ukraine. 30
November, 2022. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-11-30/us-says-it-fears-russia-may-use-biological-weapons-in-ukraine-war?leadSource=uverify%20wall
Hardiman, M. (2003). The revised International Health Regulations: a framework for global health security. Int. J. Antimicrob Agents, 21, 207-211.
Kluger, Jeffrey, and Law, Tara. (2022). Polio Makes a Comeback in Ukraine as War Halts Vaccination Campaign. March 9, 2022. https://time.com/6155963/polio-ukraine-war/
Leon, David A., Jdanov, Dmitri, Gerry, Christopher J., Grigoriev, Pavel, Jasilionis, Domantas, McKee,
Martin, et al. (2022). The Russian invasion of Ukraine and its public health consequences. The Lancet, 15. April, 2022. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100358; https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanepe/article/PIIS2666-7762(22)00051-5/fulltext
Mackenzie, J. S., Gubler, D. J., Petersen, L. R. (2004). Emerging flaviviruses: the spread and
resurgence of Japanese encephalitis, West Nile and dengue viruses. Nat Med., 10 (Suppl.), 98–109. 10.1038/nm1144.
McKee, Martin, Torbica, Aleksandra and Monti, Mario (2021). Health and Sustainable Development
in the Pan-European Region. Eurohealth, 27 (2). https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/352267/Eurohealth-27-2-11-14-eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Mohle-Boetani, J. C., Werner, S. B., Waterman, S. H., Vugia, D. J. (2000). The impact of health
communication and enhanced laboratory-based surveillance on detection of cyclosporiasis outbreaks in California. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 6(2), 200–203.
Morris, Loveday, and Diamond, Dan. (2022). Ukraine conflict could spark surges of covid, polio,
other diseases, say experts. March 1, 2022. https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2022/03/01/russia-invasion-ukraine-pandemic-health-effects/
OECD. (2018). The Belt and Road Initiative in the global trade, investment and finance landscape.
OECD Business and Finance Outlook 2018. 03 Sept. 2018, 61–101. https://doi.org/10.1787/bus_fin_out-2018-6-en; https://www.oecd.org/finance/Chinas-Belt-and-Road-Initiative-in-the-global-trade-investment-and-finance-landscape.pdf
Petersen, Robert. (2022). Fear and loathing in Moscow. The Russian biological weapons program in
October 5, 2022. https://thebulletin.org/2022/10/the-russian-biological-weapons-program-in-2022/
Pitzer, V. E. et al. (2016). High turnover drives prolonged persistence of influenza in managed pig herds. J. R. Soc. Interface, 13, 20160138.
Reliefweb. (2022). How the 2022 Russian Invasion of Ukraine is influencing COVID-
Misinformation in Ten Humanitarian Contexts: Five Data Trends. 25 July, 2022. https://reliefweb.int/report/ukraine/how-2022-russian-invasion-ukraine-influencing-covid-19-misinformation-ten-humanitarian-contexts-five-data-trends
Robinson, P. C., Yazdany, J., Machado, P. M. (2021). Global research collaboration in a pandemic-
challenges and opportunities: the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance. Curr Opin Rheumatol, 33(2), 111–116.
Roxas-Duncan, V. I., Smith L. A. (2012). Of beans and beads: ricin and abrin in bioterrorism and biocrime. Journal of Bioterrorism and Biodefense, 7, 002.
Sam-Agudu, N. A., Rabie, H., Pipo, M. T., Byamungu, L. N., Masekela, R., van der Zalm, M.M., et al.
(2021). The Critical Need for Pooled Data on COVID-19 in African Children: An AFREhealth Call for Action through Multi-Country Research Collaboration. Clin Infect Dis. p. ciab142. 101093/cid/ciab142.
Scharoun, K., van Caulil, K., Liberman, A. (2002). Bioterrorism vs. health security — crafting a plan of preparedness. Health 20. Care Manag., 21, 74-92.
Suter, E., and Mallinson, S. (2015). Accountability for coordinated/integrated health services delivery:
working paper. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe. http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/286149/Accountability_for_coordinated_integrated_health_services_delivery.pdf
Tello, J., Barbazza, E., Kluge, H. (2013). Coordination and governance mechanisms to enable the
conditions for integrated care of chronic conditions. Annual Conference Supplement 2013, 13. http://www.ijic.org/index.php/ijic/article/view/1243/2078
UNDP. (2020). Human Development Report 2020: The Next Frontier — Human Development
and the Anthropocene. New York. https://hdr.undp.org/content/human-development-report-2020
UNDP. (1994). United Nations Development Programme. Human development report 1994. New York: Oxford University Press.
Van den Berg, S., Sterling, T., and Meijer, B. H. (2023). 'Strong indications' Putin involved in MH17
downing, prosecutors say as probe ends. Reuters. February 9, 2023. https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/mh17-investigators-halt-probe-without-further-prosecutions-source-2023-02-08/
Walker, P., Whittaker, C., Watson, O., Baguelin, M., Winskill, P., Hamlet, A., et al. (2020). The
impact of COVID-19 and strategies for mitigation and suppression in low- and middle-income countries. Science. 369:eabc0035. doi: 10.1126/science.abc0035.
Zoonotic Diseases. (2021). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for
Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID). https://www.cdc.gov/onehealth/basics/zoonotic-diseases.html