Will redox flow battery technology be a new choice?
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Abstract
The new economy referring to the on-going development evolves from new technologies and innovations. The industries driven by the new economy can be categorized into short-to-long term and long-term targets. An alternative energy industry emphasized on this article is one of the long-term target industries. The key element for driving the alternative energy industry is industrial personnel with knowledge and understanding of related technologies. Therefore, this article is intended to present scientific information about redox flow batteries, one of the alternative energy technologies, in order to provide a basic knowledge for considering the use of the redox flow batteries in Thailand industry such as for power generation, thermal use, and transport development. Nowadays, wind and solar energy mainly account for Thailand energy production, however; wind and solar sources rely on uncontrolled recourses. Power generations from wind turbines and solar cells are intermittent and inconstant, thus they cannot be used to provide steady energy. The integrated energy is a synergism concept involving separate units act simultaneously and in coordination. An energy storage device can be adopted and identified as the ultimate solution to increase the stability of the energy production system. New batteries should acquire high energy densities, deliver 1000 charge/discharge cycles and be paper-thin. In addition, users also pay attention to longevity, load characteristics, maintenance requirements, self-discharge and operational costs. This article presents the principle of electrical energy storage in form of electrochemistry as a redox flow battery. Four redox flow batteries addressed on this paper are a vanadium redox flow battery, a hydrogen bromine flow battery, a hydrogen iodine flow battery, and a polysulfide bromine flow battery. The performance comparisons between redox flow battery and lead-acid battery, and between redox flow battery and lithium ion battery are stated as well as applications and future directions of the redox flow battery.
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