The Numerical Analysis of the Interior Ballistic of a 5.56 mm Gun
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Abstract
The analysis of the interior ballistics of 5.56 mm firearms was based on the principle of calculating the pressure inside the barrel and the movement of the bullet. We used the thermodynamic principle of gas combustion of gunpowder, and the step-by-step numerical calculation method to calculate the breech pressure, the muzzle velocity of the bullet, and the efficiency of the gun. The results showed that the breech pressure depended on many variables, including the properties of gunpowder, the weight and shape of the gunpowder, the size of the barrel, and the weight of bullet. The muzzle velocity calculation results showed that if we used more gunpowder and a lighter bullet, the bullet would have a higher muzzle velocity. For the comparison of gun length, guns with short barrels would have a slightly lower muzzle velocity than long-barreled ones. Ballistic efficiency varied with the ratio of weight of bullet to gunpowder. If the ratio of bullet weight to gunpowder was higher, the gun would be more efficient. The calculation results allowed us to evaluate the muzzle velocity of the gun, the breech pressure, and the efficiency of the gun. Ultimately, they can be used to design or improve the efficiency of the gun to better match the purposes and needs of designer.
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