The The Improvement of High-temperature Silane Modified Phenolic Resins for Rocket Nozzle Insulation
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Abstract
In this research, composite materials were studied and developed for application in the
aerospace industry. This project aims to develop thermal insulation materials for rocket motor nozzles.
Solid rocket motors are designed to withstand the high temperatures produced by combustion.
Thermal insulation materials based on phenolic composite materials have the properties of heat
resistance, ablation resistance at temperatures up to 3000๐
C, and good decomposition resistance,
which are the most commonly used. The properties of silane-modified phenolic resin (PR-S) were
studied in this study to improve ablation resistance, and the types and main chemical components
of the modified phenolic resin have been investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
(FTIR) and hot compression molding techniques, respectively, to assess the ablation properties of
these composite materials. Standard experimental methods were employed to determine the
mechanical properties, radiographic tests, and static tests of the phenolic composite materials. According
to the FTIR analysis based on ASTM E1252-98, the energy absorption of polysiloxane (Si-O-Si) and silane
Si-O-C bonds was 1184.19 cm-1, which indicates the modification of silane in phenolic resins. Results
showed that the modified PR-S composites significantly increased ablation resistance based on ASTM
E285-08 test using oxyacetylene gas as a high temperature source. Modified phenolic resin materials
still possessed sufficient mechanical properties to meet the standard requirements. The radiographic
test results confirm the uniformity of the extruded insulation, and the static test results confirm the
ability of the modified phenolic composite materials to withstand the heat load generated by rocket
operation, with a confidence level of not less than 90%. Thus, the results of this research can be used
to confirm the potential for domestic production of parts and thereby to achieve true self-reliance.
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